Journalists, competitors, spies... The Russian-Western convicts exchanged are who?

A historic exchange between Moscow and several Western countries, including the US, released 16 Russian and Belarusian detainees for 10 Russians on Thursday.

The largest prisoner release accord since the Cold War. Russia and the West swapped 26 prisoners from seven nations to Turkey on Thursday, August 1. Russia and Belarus held 16 of the released. Ten prisoners, including two children, from the US, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and Norway were returned to Moscow. President Vladimir Putin met them on the Moscow tarmac. Joe Biden called this massive exchange a “diplomatic feat” even though Russian opponent Alexei Navalny, who died in prison in February, was missing. Franceinfo shows who profited from this historic accord.

The West has journalists, a former Marine, an artist, and Kremlin opponents.

Journalist Evan Gershkovich. American Wall Street Journal reporter, 32, was the first Western journalist imprisoned in Russia for espionage since the Soviet era. While reporting in Yekaterinburg (Urals), he was arrested for CIA spying on a Russian tank plant. His newspaper and Washington deny the charges. The 30-year-old from New Jersey, near New York, hails from a late 1970s Jewish family that left the USSR. He received a 16-year sentence on July 19 in a closed-door summary trial. The Wall Street Journal and Reporters Without Borders were “immensely relieved” at his release.

Former Marine Paul Whelan. The 54-year-old British, Irish, and Canadian citizen had been imprisoned in Russia since December 2018. The Russian special services (FSB) arrested BorgWarner’s international security director in a central Moscow hotel. He received a 16-year sentence in June 2020 for espionage, which he rejects.

Journalist Alsu Kurmasheva. The 47-year-old Russian-American Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty correspondent was arrested in Russia in October 2023 during a private trip while living in Prague. Writing about the Russian offensive in Ukraine got her six and a half years in prison on July 19.

Alex Navalny’s allies. A 42-year-old accountant from Ufa, western Russia, Lilia Tchanycheva joined Alexei Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Fund in 2017 after joining the local anti-corruption protests. For “extremism” the opponent was arrested in November 2021 and condemned to nine and a half years. In 2020, Alexei Navalny supporter Ksenia Fadeyeva, 32, was elected to Tomsk, Siberia’s city council with other independent activists, a rare Russian opposition victory. Ksenia Fadeyeva declined to travel into exile after Navalny’s 2021 ban, despite the risks. Also for “extremism” she received a nine-year sentence in December 2023. After leading Navalny’s team office in Biysk, Altai, southern Russia, Vadim Ostanine, 47, was sentenced to nine years for “extremism” in prison.

Five German/Russian-German captives. German Rico Krieger is suspected of photographing Belarusian military positions in October 2023 for the Ukrainian secret services and placing an explosive device on a railway line near Minsk on instruction. Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko pardoned him on Tuesday after a Minsk court sentenced him to death for “terrorism” and “mercenarism” on June 24. At the end of January, German visitor Patrick Schoebel was arrested at Saint Petersburg airport carrying cannabis chewing gum suspected of narcotics trafficking. In late May 2024, Russian-German lawyer German Moïjes was detained in Saint Petersburg and charged with “high treason” while awaiting trial. Finally, Russian-German political scientist Dieter Voronin was sentenced to 13 years for “high treason” in March 2023.

Russian artist Alexandra Skotchilenko. In April 2022, Russia detained the 33-year-old lady for changing grocery price tags with anti-Ukrainian sentiments. She received a seven-year sentence in November 2023.

Russian-British activist Vladimir Kara-Mourza. In April 2023, this 42-year-old filmmaker and journalist, a Kremlin opponent and human rights advocate, was sentenced to 25 years in prison for “treason” and publishing “false information” about the Ukraine crisis. Bellingcat and Der Spiegel allege that the Russian secret services poisoned him in 2015 and 2017. He had neuromuscular pathology and never healed. The Pulitzer Prize jury praised him in May for “his passionate articles written at the risk of his life from his prison cell”.

Some opponents, especially those opposed to the Ukraine war. Ilya Yashin, 41, a liberal opposition activist in Russia since the 2000s, was sentenced to eight and a half years in prison in late 2022 for condemning Moscow’s crimes in Ukraine, particularly in Buchá. Human rights advocate Oleg Orlov, 71, was sentenced to 2.5 years in prison in late February for repeatedly denouncing the Russian incursion in Ukraine. His medical condition in detention alarmed his family. After being arrested in Russia in 2021, Andrei Pivovarov, 42, was sentenced to four years in jail for supporting the banned organization Otkritaïa Rossia (Open Russia), which was associated to exiled opponent Mikhail Khodorkovsky.

Russian spies and hackers

Murder-convicted FSB agent Vadim Krassikov. On December 15, 2021, in Berlin, this guy, accused of being recruited by the FSB, was sentenced to life in jail for murdering a Chechen Georgian who had fought Russian forces between 2000 and 2004. When criticized for his release, German Chancellor Scholz said it was “difficult” but “saved lives”. The Russian presidential spokesman acknowledged his FSB membership on Friday. Dmitry Peskov said “He served in Alfa” — an elite FSB unit — “with several employees of Vladimir Putin’s security service”.

Two accused spies and their kids. The two suspected Russian foreign intelligence officers, Ludwig Gisch and Maria Rosa Mayer Munos, arrived in Slovenia in 2017 with Argentinian passports. Before their December 2022 arrest, they lived in Ljubljana with their two children. A The Americans-worthy scene. They pled guilty and were sentenced Wednesday to more than a year and a half in prison for “espionage and falsification of documents” in Slovenia, similar to their custody term. Finally, they returned to Russia. On Friday, the Kremlin spokesman told reporters that the couple’s children “do not speak Russian” and were unaware of their Russian heritage.

Three more espionage suspects. Polish intelligence arrested Pavel Rubtsov near the Ukrainian border on February 28, 2022, accusing him of spying for Moscow. The journalist, Pablo González, holds Spanish nationality and has worked for online medium Público and television channel La Sexta. Norwegian media said that Mikhail Mikushin, who does not understand Portuguese, was arrested in October 2022 as José Assis Giammaria, a Brazilian in his thirties. In his previous year as a researcher at the University of Tromsø, the 46-year-old focused on Norway’s policies in the High North and hybrid threats. Bellingcat researchers found him to be a Russian military intelligence colonel. Russian Vadim Konechtchenok was extradited to the US in July 2023 from Estonia. The American legal system suspected him of FSB ties and supplying Russian defense with American technologies and armaments.

Two hackers extradited to US. Hacker Roman Seleznev, arrested in 2014 in the Maldives and brought to the US, was sentenced to 27 years in jail in 2017 for bank card fraud, which Washington calculated cost over $169 million. Russian businessman Vladislav Kliouchine was arrested in Switzerland in 2021 and extradited to the US. His huge theft of secret computer data from American corporations earned him a nine-year sentence in Boston in September 2023.

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